No Solutions Offered in There Are No Children Here :: There are No Children Here Essays

No Solutions Offered in There Are No Children Here Does your home have a lock on your door, a teleph angiotensin-converting enzyme and working appliances and plumbing? Do you dodge bullets in your sleep, have 13 people living in one apartment or wash your dishes in the bathtub because the kitchen sink hasnt worked for months? Do you wash your clothes in the bathtub because the laundry room is likewise dangerous to do your washing? Do you live in an environment with no role models, where the gangs control everything and you cant trust anyone? You may believe these are strange questions for people who live in America in the late 20th century, but some peoples answers to these questions may be very different from yours. Those people are the ones living in the other America. Alex Kotlowitz tells us the story of two boys growing up in the other America in his book There Are No Children Here. The other America Kotlowitz describes in his book is the public housing analyzable at Henry Horner Homes in Chicago. By following the lives of two boys, Lafeyette and Pharoah Rivers, we are exposed to the misfortunes, turmoil and death that their lives are filled with. Lafeyette and Pharoah are faced with numerous hardships in their day to day activities. Their apartment, the once beautiful complex, now has broken appliances, poor plumbing, horrible security and from the basement come smells that one housing tutor described as foul odors that no equipment presently in use by staff could be used to withstand the odor beyond a minute (p. 240). The boys wake up every morning in this horrible public housing that would most likely be condemned if it was located in any decent neighborhood. Lafeyette and Pharoah get ready for indoctrinate, usually putting on clothes which have been washed the night before in the bath tub, and then cease for school. Pharoah, who loves school, is always in a hurry to get there, leaving the apartment before anyone else. School is the one place f or Pharoah to stand out and get absent from the neighborhood for a while. He even attended a summer school program that was supported by the University of Illinois. Lafeyette, on the other hand, isnt into school very much which explains why he has such a large number of tardies. Both boys are always careful as they walk through and through the streets to school to be alert for gunfire, they dont want to die young like so many friends of theirs.

The Divine Comedy and the Human Experience :: Divine Comedy Inferno Essays

The Divine Comedy The Depth of Human Experience       Religious, structured, and orderly. Although this book is religious through and through, it is also very earthly. You seem to never discontinue the earth. In fact, there seems to be no difference among earth and the heavenly sphere. It is a solid world, no distinction between mind and matter, everything is touchable. The material expresses the spiritual, the spirit of God is physical and pervades the physical universe--its all one place. There is no heaven and hell, it is just all here. For this reason, this book answers all of those questions you had as a kid in Sunday school and nobody could give you a satisfying answer, for instance, where do people go when they die, what does hell liveliness like, what does heaven look like, what is purgatory, and how does one get from purgatory to heaven. Sunday school teachers should just read Dante to the kids--it is the end-all encyclopedia of heaven, hell, a nd purgatory. The symbolism of the beginning is nice, that he is in a forest being give chase by various animals. I can imagine that each of the animals represents some kind of vice and that the part in the woods symbolizes the sinful, confused life just of temptations. It was interesting that Virgil was his guide. I was expecting a more religious character, for instance, Moses--but it later turned out that he was sitting in hell himself That was an eye-opener. It makes you realize the difference between the old and the new testaments. Even Noah was in hell.() But at least they werent very deep in hell. All hope abandon ye who enter here. I liked how Hell is an interactive place for Dante. He isnt afraid to touch the merchandise. Then seizing on his hinder scalp, I cried Name thee, or non a hair shall tarry here. He is human, he takes part and overreacts. And he keeps fainting. Its not a Universal Studios ride through hell, but you can actually grab ahold of the props, talk to old friends and acquaintences, and the guide will patiently wait for you when you faint. Another aspect of hell that surprised me was that the devil was standing on a frozen lake. This isnt the picture of Larsons Far Side hell scenes, nor is the devil the cool, rebellious bad boy of Miltons Paradise Lost.

The Story of Evolution as a Utopia and the Evolution of the Story of Utopia :: Theory of Evolution Utopia Essays

The Story of Evolution as a Utopia and the Evolution of the Story of UtopiaIn my outset semester I had the college seminar that focused on the idea of Utopia in fiction, politics, and philosophy. Our discussions and readings went through a process of maturation that begin as rather simplistic and then followed a steady path to much more involved. Honestly, a reason that I chose the class was because I had done many of the readings before, but once the work began I realized that myself, and all the others in the class, would be looking at works, such as Candide and 1984, in an entirely different fashion. Many of the stories we read were written a substantial amount of time in the past and it was interesting to see how their meaning changed and evolved all over different generations. While reading the books on biological exploitation I could not help but see aspects of a desired Utopia in the theory of evolution. In this paper I hope to explore the evolution of selected works from my class last semester and address my feelings on the idea that the theory of evolution is a utopian notion.One of the works we focused on a great deal was George Orwells 1984. This counted as a utopian and distopian society because the higher powers in the book were able to control the underlings exactly as they wanted to whereas the underlings who were torment it all, lived in great fear and unhappiness. Orwell wrote the book in 1948 as a warning to what he matte the world may become. As we well know, his prophecies were not entirely fulfilled but the meaning of the story has evolved over time and still has relevance in todays society. When 1984 was written it was a lightly disguised check of the communism and capitalism. It also served as a warning for where the world might become if there came to power only a few dictators to reign over the entire world. My father read the book in 1983 on the suggestion of my mother and he said that, at the time he only felt like it was ficti on but in the newspapers everyone was raving about how IBM and other up and coming corporations were turning into exactly what the book made them out to be. He then added that society today is more like the society in the book than ever before, especially with the war going on.

Populism and Progressivism in America Essay -- Populist Party Progress

Populism and Progressivism in AmericaI. The Populist Party A. Background What changes were taking place in agriculture in the U.S. between 1870 and 1900? 1. Mechanization- railway car were replacing people and animals of doing boorish. Tractors being developed produced right after civil war. Problems need money to own tractors, banks load money to granger, interest. Up nourish and maintain it to keep tractors running. Money to paid mechanic Added to the financial risk of farming, already gambling on soil and weather and crops. 2. Opening of new agricultural lands (West) - much and more land offered to people, land needed to be develop. Farmer could maintain more land than before because of technology. Problem crops price were falling, land rush to make up for money lost on crops and to pay loans. High interests rate from bank. Huge drought in the Midwest, many an(prenominal) grangers lost their farm, being taken over by banks (1886). More debt to lodge t heir way out of debt. 3. Growth of specialization in farm products didnt diverse crops, only produced one crop. 4. Changing character of markets for agricultural goods shipped produce overseas (international market) 1860- 1900 agricultural produces become 75% of US exports. RR owner made profits off farmer. Farmer didnt benefit much. 1880, market for farmer starts to fall apart. More produce than demand. Farm produces price fall, too much produce worldwide. B. The Agrarian Myth and the Grange (the farming myth) - Jefferson believe independence farmer was the innovation of Americans society. Farmer discovered they were at mercy at banks and government because they were losing money. Grange- first farmer organization formed in the 1867 in response to problems farmer felt, clubs for farmer to establish connection with other farmer. Hang out and drank and shared ideas. Promoted railroad regulation. COOP- cooperative, way for farmer to try and save their money together and avoid using railroad. Getting rid of middle man and railroad so farmer would have a place to store their crops without paying railroad. Sold equipment at a lower price, and established their owned banks. mixer Group. C. Farmers Alliances (South and Midwest) replace the Grange movement because the grange fallen apart since it wasnt well organize. Similar to Grange, offered s... ...to vote. Reason why woman should get right to vote changed during this period. Woman equal to man, or woman have a better insight in homes. 1920, 19th amendments woman right to vote.3. Social settlement movement Jane Addams hull house, working immigrant in Chicago, place for immigrant to come and be educated about America. A new way to help immigrant. Lived among these immigrant, attracted many other young Americans woman. Setup nursery, playground, saving bank and club for immigrant woman.1919 established Social Work as a profession. 4. Labor clear and socialism a lot of labor union f ighting for better working condition. Child labor- limitation on hours children can work. Workman confiscation- get money if injure on job. Limitation woman work hours. 1911 in NYC fire broke out, no escape because owner locked them in. 146 die because they jumped out of the window. Socialism should get word the profit, control own labor, no one on top. C. Progressivism in Politics-Theodore Roosevelt (republican) didnt like monopoly became president in 1901Bull Moose Party to reform society.-Woodrow Wilson 1912 ran for president and won beat out Teddy Roosevelt.

pvr demand stretch :: essays research papers

Various Strategies Used By PVR For Strand so forthing Supply To Meet The DemandThis Strategy involves altering and aligning the organization depicted object to meet the necessity i.e. when affect for services is at its peak, capacity is expand and when the requisite is low, capacity is reduced to conserve the organization resources. The primary services resources that tramp be expanded and contracted temporarily to meet the demand are discussed below1) Time 2) tire3) Facilities4) Equipments1) Time PVR brought in the concept of flexi-hours and it has eliminated that old traditional show timings of 9-12am,12-3,3-6 etc. They came with the odd hours show timings like 1050, 220,340,725 which suits the requirements of different type of viewers. Like school bunkers can go for 1050 am show, college going students after attending their classes can view 220 pm show and on the other side corporate executives can go for 725 pm show.2)labor Labor is adept area where an organization faces major constraint when demand changes. In baptismal font of high demand period like summer vacations ,week-ends, PVR adjoin no. of employees by hiring part-time employees during peak period. They add-on the no. of employees at the ticket counter, inside the auditorium, and at the diversion counter. They are adopting Cross training i.e one employee is trained in more than one job, like person sitting at ticket counter similarly do the job of usher. 3)Facilities In case of High demand PVR plan it out well in advance based on experience and increase the number and frequency of screenings. May be extending the screening in the next weeks schedule.More no of auditoriums are there , wide choice when more no of movies are releasing on the same(p) day- but this is one time investment i.pvr demand stretch essays research papers Various Strategies Used By PVR For Stretching Supply To Meet The DemandThis Strategy involves altering and aligning the organization capacity to meet the dema nd i.e. when demand for services is at its peak, capacity is expanded and when the demand is low, capacity is reduced to conserve the organization resources. The primary services resources that can be expanded and contracted temporarily to meet the demand are discussed below1) Time 2) labor3) Facilities4) Equipments1) Time PVR brought in the concept of flexi-hours and it has eliminated that old traditional show timings of 9-12am,12-3,3-6 etc. They came with the odd hours show timings like 1050, 220,340,725 which suits the requirements of different type of viewers. Like school bunkers can go for 1050 am show, college going students after attending their classes can view 220 pm show and on the other side corporate executives can go for 725 pm show.2)labor Labor is one area where an organization faces major constraint when demand changes. In case of high demand period like summer vacations ,week-ends, PVR increase no. of employees by hiring part-time employees during peak period. They increase the no. of employees at the ticket counter, inside the auditorium, and at the refreshment counter. They are adopting Cross training i.e one employee is trained in more than one job, like person sitting at ticket counter also do the job of usher. 3)Facilities In case of High demand PVR plan it out well in advance based on experience and increase the number and frequency of screenings. May be extending the screening in the next weeks schedule.More no of auditoriums are there , wide choice when more no of movies are releasing on the same day- but this is one time investment i.

pvr demand stretch :: essays research papers

Various Strategies Used By PVR For Stretching Supply To get The DemandThis Strategy involves altering and aligning the organization might to meet the necessary i.e. when demand for services is at its peak, capacity is expanded and when the demand is low, capacity is reduced to conserve the organization resources. The first services resources that atomic number 50 be expanded and contracted temporarily to meet the demand are discussed below1) term 2) labor3) Facilities4) Equipments1) Time PVR brought in the judgment of flexi-hours and it has eliminated that old traditional show timings of 9-12am,12-3,3-6 etc. They came with the odd hours show timings like 1050, 220,340,725 which suits the requirements of opposite type of viewers. Like school bunkers can go for 1050 am show, college going students after attending their classes can view 220 pm show and on the otherwise side corporate executives can go for 725 pm show.2)labor Labor is one sweep where an organization faces ma jor constraint when demand changes. In case of high demand period like summer vacations ,week-ends, PVR increase no. of employees by hiring irregular employees during peak period. They increase the no. of employees at the ticket counter, inside the auditorium, and at the refreshment counter. They are adopting Cross training i.e one employee is trained in much than one job, like person academic session at ticket counter also do the job of usher. 3)Facilities In case of High demand PVR cast it out well in turn up based on experience and increase the number and frequency of screenings. May be extending the screening in the future(a) weeks schedule.More no of auditoriums are on that point , wide choice when more no of movies are releasing on the same day- but this is one while investment i.pvr demand stretch essays research papers Various Strategies Used By PVR For Stretching Supply To Meet The DemandThis Strategy involves altering and aligning the organization capacity to m eet the demand i.e. when demand for services is at its peak, capacity is expanded and when the demand is low, capacity is reduced to conserve the organization resources. The primary services resources that can be expanded and contracted temporarily to meet the demand are discussed below1) Time 2) labor3) Facilities4) Equipments1) Time PVR brought in the concept of flexi-hours and it has eliminated that old traditional show timings of 9-12am,12-3,3-6 etc. They came with the odd hours show timings like 1050, 220,340,725 which suits the requirements of different type of viewers. Like school bunkers can go for 1050 am show, college going students after attending their classes can view 220 pm show and on the other side corporate executives can go for 725 pm show.2)labor Labor is one area where an organization faces major constraint when demand changes. In case of high demand period like summer vacations ,week-ends, PVR increase no. of employees by hiring part-time employees during peak period. They increase the no. of employees at the ticket counter, inside the auditorium, and at the refreshment counter. They are adopting Cross training i.e one employee is trained in more than one job, like person sitting at ticket counter also do the job of usher. 3)Facilities In case of High demand PVR plan it out well in advance based on experience and increase the number and frequency of screenings. May be extending the screening in the next weeks schedule.More no of auditoriums are there , wide choice when more no of movies are releasing on the same day- but this is one time investment i.

Alienation & People

Realist. A word, which would greatly, depicts the ascendancy of Herman Melvilles pass away Bartleby, the Scrivener. An oeuvre that depicts and denounces the harsh conditions of workers, peculiarly of the copyists of laws during his time. As such(prenominal), the opus serves as an eye-opener for the whole humanity. It embarks upon the exploitation and dehumanization of an individual in a capitalist beau monde wherein accumulation of capital is the primary if non the only goal of the bourgeoisie. As such, this results to the seemingly obliviousness of the bourgeoisie to the real conditions and needs of his employees.This can be evidently seen in the tier as the fibber gives only about four cents a folio, that is four cents for one hundred words of every copied document. One may argue that such amount has a great value during that period. Indeed it may be the case. However, if one would analyze the value of the wage given compared to the laborious task of a scrivener, it can be d educed that the given wage evidently does not equally compensate for the arduous job of a scrivener. The clear manifestation of such is the fact that employees in the story cannot provide for themselves an adequate supply of their basic necessities.In the epoch of industrialization and technological advancements, it is quite paradoxical to see the employees subsisting in an adverse condition. Such order is the contradiction in terms in a capitalist society. The story illustrates how at first an individual would succumb to a arranging which pledges social and economic change from its success in overthrowing the old form of society, the feudal system. As such he takes a particular proposition wok under a new economic system, the proletariat in his trust to make himself a living and essentially, to make his life better. However, as his work continuous, he realizes that he is being exploited and alienated.First, he is alienated to his products in this particular case the copies of law that Bartleby produces. As he continuously produces products for his employer, his labor is being continuously objectified. If such is the case, then the number of things, which he produces in the external military man yet does not belong to him continuously increases as he produces more. Hence, he is alienated in his products in two ways first, by continuously producing products which does not belong to him secondly, by increasing number of products he produces which he cannot acquire for he does not have the purchasing power to do so.Second, he is remove from his labor. It is because his labor does not belong to him but to his employer. He works accordingly not from his own willingness to work rather to what his employer wanted him to do. His employer imposes on him what kind of work he should do. And this phenomenon is what Marx called as forced labor. As a result, his labor becomes mechanical and void of progress. Third, he is estranged from his species being. Human beings ha ve the right to self-determination. This feature separates him from other(a) species and can only be carried out thru his life drill.However, his activity under the capitalist economy, his being tied in his work forbids him to exercise his life activity his self-determination. Fourth, he is alienated to his self. This is due to the alienation he experienced from his product and labor wherein he is not anymore treated as a thinking(prenominal) being or even a human being in his Isness rather a commodity needed by the capitalists to procure monopoly of capital. These alienations were clearly envisioned in Bartleby, the Scrivener and were eventually realized by Bartleby.He realized that he is a victim of such exploitations. He struggles to reject the prevailing economic system together with its authority structure and exploitative practices. Its manifestations though not much articulated is the refusal of Bartleby to first do trivial tasks and eventually, to moderate the demeanin g work. Essentially, he stop to become a scrivener. Bartleby represents an enlightened man of his time even if he does not have the ideological grounding Marx and Hegel possessed during the emergence of the socialist ideology.However, such realizations places him in history. Undeniably, in every society where there is a come apart, there is a class struggle. As such, a bourgeoisie would do anything to neutralize if not to totally obliterate the emergence of an ideology, which challenges the prevailing one. As such, the narrator is the epitome of the bourgeoisie. This was shown by the pseudo-kindness he is offering to Bartleby, seemingly oblivious of the exploitation and alienation his class is causing to the majority.It is because if he indeed wanted to help Bartleby, he would do measures to step by step end such exploitation. Bartleby realizes how oppressed he is in a capitalist society yet he has not yet ponder upon what would topple down this kind of oppressive economic system a s well as the manner on how the society can be changed. This can be attributed to his lack of education and knowledge of the basic principles of socialism, which is emerging during his time.Unfortunately, he passed away before he can rationalize on how the existing society can be revolutionized Evidently, Melville is depicting the realities of his society during his time the struggle amid the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. As such, the struggle between the prevailing yet oppressive ideology during that epoche capitalism and the ideology which challenges capitalism and aspires to eliminate the oppression within the society communism. Source Bartleby, the Scrivener. Herman Melville. http//www. yahoo. com.

Descriptive Paper – Peanut Butter Sandwich

Juan Restrepo Mr. Miramonti English IV P. 7 November 10, 2010 Peanut Butter and banana Sandwich on Toast Im rest in front of the refrigerator and I commited the refrigerator, I instantly saw the scratch and reached for it with my even out dig. I so closed the refrigerator with my leave hand. I walk three steps to the advanced and put the bread down on the counter. I reach up with my right hand and open the console table. I see the unimportant butter and reach for it with my right hand and I sit it down on the counter. I close the cabinet with my left wing hand. I turn to the right and get under ones skin one step forward.I get to the counter and reach for a banana. I turn mainstay around and take one step back. I put the banana on the counter next to the peanut butter and bread. I then tale half a step back and open the drawer that holds injures. I reach for a butter knife and a sharp knife with my right hand. I come together the drawer with my left hand. I then take a step forward and put two knifes on the counter. I open up the bread with my left hand. I reach in with my right hand and take out two slices. I then take two pieces of bread, one in my right hand and one in my left and put them in the toaster.While Im waiting I look up and open the cabinet with my right hand. I take hold of a plate with my left hand and set it down on the counter. I shut the cabinet with my right hand. By now the toast is ready. I grab each piece of bread, one with my left hand and one with my right hand, and put them on the plate. I then pick up the peanut butter with my left hand and open it up with my right hand. I pick up the butter knife with my right hand and dip it in the peanut butter. I pick up a piece of bread with my left hand and I spread the peanut butter on the bread.I put the bread down on the plate. I turn to the right and take two steps forward and put the knife in the sink. I turn back around and take two steps back to the food. I pick up the ban ana with my right hand and peel it with my left hand. I put the banana on my plate. I turn around and take two steps forward I play tricks the banana peel in the trash with my left hand. I turn back around and take two steps two steps back to my food. I pick the banana up with my left hand and set it on the counter. I grab the sharp knife with my right hand and take up to slice the banana.After Im done with slicing, I put down the sharp knife. I pick up the pieces one by one with my right hand and put them on the slice of bread with the peanut butter. I pick up the piece of bread without anything on it with my right hand. I rate it on top of the slice of bread with everything on it. I pick up the plate with my right hand. I turn to the left and walk cabaret steps to the table. I set the plate down on the table. I pull the chair out with my right hand and sit down. I grab the sandwich with both hands and enjoy me delicious sandwich

How does Shakespeare compare and contrast the characters of Antonio and Shylock in the trial scene? Essay

Shakespeare portrays the characters loan shark and Antonio in the trial scene to be dupes of the trial scene. In my opinion, usurer is the main victim as he is discriminated for following a different religion to e reallyone else in the court. Being a Jew meant that the other people in the court were racist against Shylock meaning that they interact him unfairly in comparison to Antonio who was helped in every room so that he could win the trial and Shylock would not get down his pound of flesh. Shakespeare uses language to create an impression of what the characters are care for the audience so they consider what the situation is like for both of the characters.Continuing with language, Shakespeare uses violent, strong and mean(a) language when Shylock is speaking to supply that he is very strong willed and confident when claiming something that is his own. Shakespeare also focuses primarily on law of nature when Shylock is speaking to show that Shylock depends on the law to make his case for his pound of flesh. However Shakespeare uses softer, calm and passive language when Antonio is speaking to get across to the reader that Antonio is very resigned and defeatist in the trial it makes him seem resigned and that he doesnt have any hope anymore. Shakespeare doesnt so much focus on the law when Antonio is speaking but of the good will of Shylock and if he will show mercy. In spite of this, Shylock does not show mercy and tries to urge the duke to grant him his pound of flesh. Shakespeare uses comparison between Christians and Shylock as a way of convincing the duke. In line 89 103 Shylock talks rough the slaves that the duke and many other Christians have. You have among you many a purchased slaves is a line Shakespeare uses when Shylock is talk.These slaves that the duke and other Christians have purchased belong to them and so they can do what they beguile with them. This is the same with Shylocks pound of flesh it belongs to him and therefore he can do whatever he wants with it whether he chooses to cut it off or not. On the other hand Antonio does not fight for his case as hard as Shylock does. In lines 114 118 Shakespeare writes in such a way that the audience thinks that Antonio has given up. Meetest for death the weakest kind of fruit this means that Antonio is prepared for death and that he calls himself the weakest of all Christians. These lines simply explain that Antonio is weak and he has no hope of living. Shakespeare uses words like tainted, drops earliest and weakest to make the audience feel sorry for Antonio because there isnothing a weak Christian could do in his situation. In lines 117 and 118 Antonio says to Bassanio that it is better that you live so you can remember me. Shakespeare does this to show the audience that he is, in a way, saying goodbye to his friend. Following on from this, Antonio has many people in the court who are friends of his so they stay bias towards him. Unlike Shylock who has many enemies in the court who detest him for mainly his religion but also for the lodge he has everyplace Antonio. In lines 128 138 Shakespeare uses harsh language to depict Gratiano to have a monumental hatred over Shylock.Line 128 governed a wolf, who hanged for human slaughter, Shakespeare makes the audience realise that Gratiano sees Shylock as no more than a vile wolf who should be hanged for the bond he has over Antonio. Throughout the whole of lines 128 138 Gratiano expresses his hatred by comparing Shylock to inexecrable dog and wolves to show the audience that he thinks Shylock should be treated as these animals are treated. Antonio too is treated poorly, but instead of the court treating him unfairly, Shylock treats him unfairly. Too often is Antonio victimised by Shylock because Shylock feels he has a hold over Antonio because of the bond he agreed to. In line 139 Shakespeare makes the audience feel sorry for Antonio by making the other characters in the court refer to him as a pound of flesh and a bond. This gives the impression that Shylock has control over Antonio and that Antonio is only there for so that Shylock can take his pound of flesh. Shakespeare makes the audience feel that Shylock does not see him as an ordinary Christian but he sees him as his own bond and his own pound of flesh that is rightfully his by law.However, unlike Shylock, Portia doesnt use law when she first arrives at the court instead she pleas for mercy from Shylock. In lines 180 201 Portia presents her speech about how Shylock should be merciful towards Antonio as he is offering to pay more than his original set of ducats. But also Portia says that he should try to be a good Jew and allow mercy on Antonio so that his life will not be lost. Shakespeare gives Portia this thoughtful speech to show the audience how desperately she is trying to find a way to keep Antonio alive. Shakespeare also uses words like heaven and divinity fudge to show that Shylocks religion has a lot to do with the mercy he should give Antonio. Unfortunately Shylock does not care for mercy, admire or friendship instead the most important things to Shylock are his money and possessions. Shylockis very different to Antonio and Bassanio as they care about all(prenominal) other through love and friendship. In lines 260 277 Antonio says goodbye to Bassanio his dear friend Shakespeare uses language to prove Antonio and Bassanios friendship. Give me your hand, Bassanio. Fare you well, Shakespeare gives the affect that Antonio is talking soft and calm to his friend so that he can say goodbye properly. To let the wretched man outline his wealth, Antonio says this to Bassanio to say that Shylock is an evil man who has favoured wealth and possession over an innocent life.Luckily Antonio did not have to say goodbye to Bassanio as Portia found a chuckhole in the bond meaning that Shylock was not allowed to take a Christian citizens blood or take more or little than the pound of fle sh so Shylock said that he would not take the flesh and leave. In lines 343 359 Portia is not merciful to Shylock to let him offer free as he was not merciful to Antonio even though he had many chances to be. Shakespeare does this to teach a lesson so that the audience knows that they should treat others how they would like to be treated. In this case Shylock should have been merciful so that the duke and Portia could be merciful back. Ultimately I think both characters were victimised in the trial scene but for different reasons. Shylock was victimised for world a different religion to those in the court whereas Antonio was victimised just for being hated by Shylock. I think the main problem is racism between the two religions that causes unfair treatment but most of the racism was vomit on Shylock. All in all, Shakespeare successfully manages to make the audience sympathize for both characters throughout the trial scene.

Challenges In Our Life Essay

Good Morning fellow students and teachers. Journey is a vital aspect in our lives. Every angiotensin-converting enzyme in here will encounter a type of journey whether its physical, imaginative or inner, They happen to everyone, whether we want it or not. Life itself is a journey with many challenges to overcome, with many experiences to learn from and with many opportunities to explore. Journeys allow us to grow, to become wiser, and to look at purport from a different perspective. As you send away see in the stimulus Image, many challenges arise when handout by a personal journey, we are unexpected of the challenges, we must overcome obstacles, we must facet these challenges even though they might be seen impossible to over whelm. Todays speech will focus on two different journeys, one from Louis Nowras comic play, Cosi and the other from Ben Stillers movie, The Secret life of Walter Mitty.Going through a personal journey will come with many challenges to overcome, whether it be big or small. It might be difficult to overcome let alone maintaining the shock of the challenge. The Attitudes of others may implement the difficulty of overcoming that challenge. Nowras Cosi shows a heavy example of this Challenge in Act two, Scene two. Lewis and Lucy are seen arguing about the play, Lewis did not want to attend the Galileo rehearsals nor did he want to attend the moratorium meeting. As both of them are seen arguing, Lucy tells lewis that she has been having an affair with Nick. Lewis is Stunned at this news. Lucy excuse is that she has sex with Nick, but sleeps with Lewis. In this scene, lewis has reached a personal growth in his journey, wanting to do the Cosi Fan Tutte play rather than spill to the Galileo rehearsals and the moratorium meeting.However, this scene comes with a challenge in his journey. Lewis is stunned, just learned that his girlfriend just had an affair with his best friend. Lucy wishing of respect for Lewiss feeling and justifies with a cruel excuse I have sex with him and sleep with you. Nowra enables us to see Lucy herself can neer ferment a personal journey. Lewiss feeling is seem hurt for the lack of respect from Lucy, Lewis is seen angry but recites a line from the play, Womens constancy is deal the Arabian Phoenix. Everyone swears it exists, but no one has seen it. Lucy is seen angry from this quote and curses at Lewis for even mentioning the play. The Lack of respect Lucy has towards lewis shows us how overcoming a challenge can be very hard let alone someoneelse affecting the challenge making the challenge itself seem impossible to overcome.Life is about courage and going into the unknown, going into the unknown is a journey that will come with challenges, these challenges will push us out of our conform zone. Walter Mitty works for Life magazine, which is going through a transition into the online scene, meaning his job is on the line. Walter Mitty is seen as character with a dull life, not really doin g anything noteworthy. While Walter is a prohibit assets manger, he must find the the last photo that will be in the cover of the last publish magazine. Walter Mitty has never really experienced life, never been to the unknown, however, his seemingly last mission will force him to go outside his comfort zone and experience reality, as he has never done before.Walter Mitty embarks a mission to find his last photo the company will ever publish, he will be force to stop his mundane dreaming, and face reality. His daily job consist of him staying in a dark basement, but his adventures spiral from booking a last-minute flight to Greenland to near-fatal bouts with volcanoes, sharks and jumping out of a pearly in the middle of a hurricane. Through his journey and the fantastic use of picturesque scene and dreamy sounds, reflects the Walters inner thoughts and perspective of life through his journey. The realisation of Walter Mitty might losing his jobs, makes him realise that he has bee n living a dull life and goes into a journey to find himself, and explore life. His dull life turns into an adventures life making him going out of his comfort zone.

Variable naming rules in Visual Basic, Python, and Java

This paper will draw and quarter the variable naming rules of three different programming languages. These three languages are ocular staple fibre, Python, and Java. Each of these languages has different rules that apply to them and some similarities. I will describe the rules and the similarities and differences in the next few paragraphs.The first language and its rules I will describe is Visual prefatorial. Visual Basic has a few different rules and they are draw on Microsofts website in a document. This document is called (Visual Basic Naming Rules) and they immortalize as such You must use a letter as the first character.You cant use a space, period (.), exclamation beat (), or the characters , &, $, in the realise. Name cant exceed 255 characters in length. Generally, you shouldnt use any label that are the same as the functions, statements, and methods in Visual Basic. Visual Basic isnt case-sensitive, but it preserves the capitalization in the statement where the na me is declared. These are the variable naming rules are specific to Visual Basic and are all important(p) to know if you program using Visual Basic.The second language I will describe is Python. This language has a few rules of its own and they are described on a site called programmr.com in an article called (Python Variable Naming Rules) and they read as such Must put down with a letter (a z, A B) or emphasise (_).Other characters can be letters, numbers or _ only.Variable names are Case Sensitive.There are some reserved lyric which we cannot use as a variable name because Python uses them for other things. These are and, del, from, not, art object, as, elif, global, or, with, assert, else, if, pass, yield, break, except, import, print, break, except, import, print, class, exec, in, raise, class, exec, in, raise, continue, finally, is, return, continue, finally, is, return, def, for, lambda and try. These are the naming rules for Python and are necessary to programming in t his specific language.The three and final language I will talk about is Java. This program is no different than the other two languages and its rules are described in an oracle document called (Lesson Language Basics) in a sub article called Variables and they read as such Variable names are case-sensitive. A variables name can be any legal identifier an unlimited-length sequence of Unicode letters and digits, beginning with a letter, the dollar sign $, or the underscore character _. The convention, however, is to always begin your variable names with a letter, not $ or _. Additionally, the dollar sign character, by convention, is never used at all.You may find some situations where auto-generated names will contain the dollar sign, but your variable names should always avoid using it. A similar convention exists for the underscore character while its technically legal to begin your variables name with _, this practice is discouraged. White space is not permitted. Subsequent char acters may be letters, digits, dollar signs, or underscore characters. Conventions (and frequent sense) apply to this rule as well.When choosing a name for your variables, use full words instead of cryptic abbreviations. Doing so will make your code easier to read and understand. In many cases it will also make your code self-documenting fields named cadence, speed, and gear, for example, are much more intuitive than abbreviated versions, such as s, c, and g. in like manner keep in mind that the name you choose must not be a keyword or reserved word. If the name you choose consists of only virtuoso word, spell that word in all lowercase letters. If it consists of more than one word, capitalize the first letter of each subsequent word. The names gearRatio and currentGear are old examples of this convention.If your variable stores a constant value, such as static final int NUM_GEARS = 6, the convention changes slightly, capitalizing every letter and separating subsequent words with the underscore character. By convention, the underscore character is never used elsewhere. The Java programming language is statically-typed, which means that all variables must first be declared before they can be used.

Business Economic †Macroeconomic Essay

Question 10a) Which of the following ar nett goods and go and which are intermediate goods and services? Please explain why in your answer.i) A windscreen purchased by a motor vehicle spare parts supplierIntermediate goods by theme accounts (GDP) windscreen primary production value has already been accounted. It is being resold at a deflated value as second hand goods.ii) A new dozer to be used by a construction federation Final goods when a construction telephoner buys and uses a new bulldozer becomes intermediate goods when it is used in the production of their products services in sequent periods.iii) A household cleaning service purchased by a family from a interior(prenominal) help cleaning service company Final good the resale value of the business contain value added. But it is not previously included in the communityal accounts.iv) Coking coal Intermediate goods as an ingredient it used into the production of other goods. As iron and steel, steam. Except being so ld by exporting.b) An economy produces final goods and services with a commercialize value of $800 billion in a given year, but only $750 billion worth of goods and services is sold to domestic or foreign buyers. Is this nations GDP $800 billion or $750 billion? justify your answer.$800 billion is the nations GDP for the year. Because GDP includes the market value of final goods and services produced, despite the consequences of whether these products are sold. The unsold products are added to firms inventories and included in gross national and domestic investment.c) Explain why a new truck sold for use by a transport company is a final good, even though it is a fixed investment (capital) used to produce other goods. Should the value of this truck then be added to GDP or should only the goods it transports be included in GDP?autonomic nervous systemA new product and produced for the ultimate user is the final goods so the new tuck is a final goods, the transport company and there fore it should be added to GDP. By the expenditure approach. When a firm buys and uses the new truck, it subsequently becomes an intermediate good into the production of other products in subsequent periods.Question 14a) The consumer price index (i.e. CPI) is the most commonly used measure of changes in the general level of prices in Australia. Discuss some of the advantages and disadvantages of utilise this measure. ANSIt is approved that there are no strong advantages in apply this measure.There are three main criticism of this measure and they are1. Typical average basket for several age and income groups within the population may not reflect true consumer expenditure prototype. As, retired people buy a bundle of products that differs quite markedly form that of a typical family with fewer children related items. The CPI based inflation judge may undervalue the blow of inflation on older people if the cost of medical services is rising faster than other items of the CPI.Quest ion 15Which of the following would cause a growth in the money supply? Answer yes, no, or possibly. If your answer is possibly then explain the circumstances under which the answer would be yes.ANS(a)The selling of government securities to banks NO because of money supply goes down.(b)A fall in amour rates POSSIBLY If the fall in interest was in chemical reaction to raise in money supply, then the interest rate fall has not caused money supply to rise. The reserve bank decided to reduce interest rates, it would have to increase money supply by market operations to ensure that the lower interest ratewas the equilibrium one.(c)An increase in government expenditure, financed by borrowing from the banking sector YES increasing money supply by the government outflow.(d)The purchase of government securities by the Central verify from the banking sector YES an increase in money supply purchase of government securities by the Central bank.(e)It is agreed by the Treasurer and the Go vernor of the Central Bank to reduce the target rate of inflation NO fall down money supply because this will result in reserve bank RAISING the cash rate and using market operations reducing the money supply to back it up.Question 16ANS(a)DVD recorders imported into the nation from Japan Imports of goods (()(b)Insurance cover purchased in the nation by overseas residents Exports of services (+)b) The nation gives overseas aid to a developing country Capital transfers sent overseas from the nation ()(d)US car company sets up a factory in the nation Investment in the nation from overseas (+)(e)Some of the nations residents take a holiday in Bali Imports of services (()(f)Interest earned by the nations residents on overseas assets Other income inflows (+)(g)Running down the stock of foreign exchange in the Central Bank of the nation Drawing on reserves (+)(h)Migrants to the nation transferring property to the nation Capital transfers to the nation from overseas (+)(i)New dep osits made in banks in the nation by overseas residents Short-term financial inflows (+)(j)The nations palm oil is sold in the United Kingdom Exports of goods (+)

House of Payne

SM Family Television Review The comedy tell that my family and I enjoy watch is House of Payne, which air on TBS every Friday at 8pm. The Paynes are three generations living under one roof. The story begins when CJ and his family move into the house of his aunt and uncle, a fact that no one is really happy about. CJ has two children, and his aunt and uncle have very disparate ideas about raising kids. I think a lot of hoi polloi will be able to relate to the Paynes. (http//www. tbs. com/stories/story/0,, 107846,00. html).The show is based off real life issues that everyday families experience such as, drug addiction, adolescent pregnancy, sex, brotherhood, morals and values, and most of all trust. As, a 23 year old, mother, student, wife, daughter etc, I was able to quickly relate to a few things in the show. This family did force my life on what family really was because, I always have been the one to just think of my immediate (Mom, Dad, Brothers, Grandma) when I heard the w ord family. Now, that things have been introduced to me from different perspective, I am now able to fully understand what family is all about.I realize that when I have no one else to count on, that my family is the start hope I have, and also understand that sometimes I may have disagreements with relatives, but its ok because as long as there is communication, nix is to hard to overcome, All of these things are key points that House of Payne focus on. After watching this show consistently, it has had a very positive impact on me, my family, my marriage and my ability to raise my children at such a young age.Although, these actors, and actresses are acting, they are real people and majority are related, such as the principal(prenominal) characters, Cassi and Lavan Davis, who are husband and wife in real life. I enjoy watch the way the reveal each message because they all have a valuable lesson that I learn. This television series is a Christian based show, so I think that is th e reason I enjoy watching it so much. It is interesting because some days, I may feel at my worst and watching this show can easily be a inspiration to me.Expressing my feelings and truism how I felt have, also been another issue Ive had problems with, and it also have taught me this as well. I believe that even a non-believer would enjoy watching this show because again, its real people, and they to know what its like to face certain situations. I feel that I can somewhat relate to this show because again, I am a young mother, married with children, living day by day , focusing on doing the right thing, despite what I give away and hear around me. And sometimes, whether youre old or young, this can be a challenge. House of Payne have messages for all ages, and they are very powerful messages

Twilight 13. CONFESSIONS

13. CONFESSIONSEdward in the sunlight was shocking. I couldnt get used to it, though Id been staring at him all later onnoon. His skin, white des commemoratee the faint flush from yesterdays hunting trip, literally sparkled, like thousands of tiny diamonds were engraft in the sur impertinence. He lay perfectly clam up in the grass, his shirt open over his sculpted, light chest, his scintillating arms bare. His glistening, pale lavender lids were shut, though of course he didnt sleep. A perfect statue, form in some unjazzn st one(a), smooth like marble, reflecting like crystal. instanter and because, his lips would move, so immobile it looked like they were trembling. tho, when I asked, he t grizzly me he was singing to himself it was in like manner low for me to run across.I enjoyed the sun, excessively, though the atmospheric state wasnt rather dry enough for my taste. I would cede liked to lie subscribe, as he did, and allow the sun warm my impudence. and I hind eranceed curled up, my chin resting on my knees, unwilling to take my eye off him. The wind was gentle it tangled my hair and ruffled the grass that swayed more or less his trendless form.The meadow, so spectacular to me at branch, paled next to his magnificence.Hesitantly, always claustrophobic, even now, that he would disappear like a mirage, too beautiful to be real hesitantly, I reached protrude one finger and stroked the back of his shimmering hand, where it lay inwardly my reach. I marveled once again at the perfect texture, satin smooth, cool as s sapidity. When I looked up again, his eye were open, reflection me. thoterscotch today, lighter, warmer later on hunting. His quick smiling countermanded up the corners of his flawless lips.I dont scare you? he asked function mounty, muchover I could hear the real curiosity in his soft portion.No more than usual.He smiled wider his teeth flashed in the sun.I inched closer, stretched out my whole hand now to trace the contours of his forearm with my fingertips. I apothegm that my fingers trembled, and knew it wouldnt escape his nonice.Do you school principal? I asked, for he had unlikable his eye again.No, he state without opening his look. You cant imagine how that lookings. He sighed.I lightly trailed my hand over the perfect muscles of his arm, followed the faint radiation pattern of bluish veins inside the crease at his elbow. With my other hand, I reached to turn his hand over. Realizing what I wished, he flipped his palm up in one of those blindingly fast, disconcerting movements of his. It galvanise me my fingers froze on his arm for a sketch second.Sorry, he murmured. I looked up in cartridge clip to see his golden eye close again. Its too easy to be myself with you.I lifted his hand, turning it this way and that as I watched the sun glitter on his palm. I held it closer to my face, try to see the hidden facets in his skin. attest me what youre withdrawing, he whispered. I looked to see his eyes watching me, explosively intent. Its lock in so strange for me, non inhabiting.You know, the rest of us olfactory sensation that way all the time.Its a hard life. Did I imagine the hint of regret in his tone? But you didnt tell me.I was wishing I could know what you were thinking I hesitated.And?I was wishing that I could believe that you were real. And I was wishing that I wasnt a apprehensiond(predicate).I dont want you to be afraid. His enunciate was just a soft murmur. I heard what he couldnt truthfully say, that I didnt need to be afraid, that there was nonhing to fear.Well, thats not exactly the fear I meant, though thats certainly something to think about.So quickly that I missed his movement, he was half sitting, propped up on his right arm, his left palm still in my hands. His angels face was only a few inches from mine. I might have should have flinched outside(a) from his unexpected closeness, but I was unable to move. His golden eyes m esmerized me.What are you afraid of, then? he whispered intently.But I couldnt answer. As I had just that once forrader, I smelled his cool breath in my face. Sweet, delicious, the scent made my mouth water. It was unlike e rattlingthing else. Instinctively, unthinkingly, I leaned closer,inhaling.And he was gone, his hand ripped from mine. In the time it took my eyes to focus, he was twenty feet away, standing at the edge of the small meadow, in the of late shade of a huge fir tree. He stared at me, his eyes dark in the shadows, his expression un pick outable.I could feel the legal injury and shock on my face. My empty hands stung.Im sorry Edward, I whispered. I knew he could hear.Give me a twinkling, he called, just loud enough for my less bare-ass ears. I sat very(prenominal) still.After ten incredibly long seconds, he walked back, slowly for him. He stopped, still s invariablyal feet away, and sank gracefully to the ground, crossing his legs. His eyes never left mine. He took two mystic breaths, and then smiled in apology.I am so very sorry. He hesitated. Would you hear what I meant if I said I was only human?I nodded once, not quite able to smile at his joke. Adrenaline pulsed through my veins as the realization of danger slowly sank in. He could smell that from where he sat. His smile turned mocking.Im the worlds better(p) predator, arent I? Everything about me invites you in my voice, my face, even my smell. As if I need any of that Unexpectedly, he was on his feet, bounding away, instantly out of sight, only to appear beneath the same tree as before, having circled the meadow in half a second.As if you could outrun me, he laughed bitterly.He reached up with one hand and, with a deafening crack, effortlessly ripped a two-foot-thick branch from the trunk of the spruce. He balanced it in that hand for a arcminute, and then threw it with blinding speed, shattering it against another huge tree, which shook and trembled at the blow.And he was in front of me again, standing two feet away, still as a stone.As if you could fight me off, he said gently.I sat without moving, more frightened of him than I had ever been. Id never seen him so altogether freed of that studiously cultivated facade. Hed never been less human or more beautiful. Face ashen, eyes wide, I sat like a bird locked in the eyes of a snake.His passionatenessly eyes reckon to glow with rash excitement. Then, as the seconds passed, they dimmed. His expression slowly folded into a mask of ancient sadness.Dont be afraid, he murmured, his velvet voice unintentionally seductive. I promise He hesitated. I swear not to hurt you. He seemed more concerned with convincing himself than me.Dont be afraid, he whispered again as he stepped closer, with exaggerated slowness. He sat sinuously, with deliberately unhurried movements, till our faces were on the same level, just a foot apart. beguile forgive me, he said formally. I can control myself. You caught me off guard. B ut Im on my best behavior now.He waited, but I still couldnt speak.Im not thirsty today, honestly. He winked.At that I had to laugh, though the sound was shaky and breathless.Are you all right? he asked tenderly, arriver out slowly, carefully, to place his marble hand back in mine.I looked at his smooth, gelid hand, and then at his eyes. They were soft, repentant. I looked back at his hand, and then deliberately returned to tracing the lines in his hand with my fingertip. I looked up and smiled timidly.His answering smile was dazzling.So where were we, before I behaved so rudely? he asked in the gentle cadences of an earlier century.I honestly cant remember.He smiled, but his face was ashamed. I think we were talk of the town about why you were afraid, besides the obvious reason.Oh, right.Well?I looked charge at his hand and doodled aimlessly crosswise his smooth, iridescent palm. The seconds ticked by.How easily frustrated I am, he sighed. I looked into his eyes, abruptly gras ping that this was every bit as new to him as it was to me. As many years of unfathomable experience as he had, this was hard for him, too. I took courage from that thought.I was afraid because, for, well, obvious reasons, I cant stay with you. And Im afraid that Id like to stay with you, a lot more than I should. I looked conquer at his hands as I spoke. It was difficult for me to say this aloud.Yes, he agreed slowly. That is something to be afraid of, indeed. Wanting to be with me. Thats actually not in your best interest.I frowned.I should have left long ago, he sighed. I should leave now. But I dont know if I can.I dont want you to leave, I mumbled pathetically, staring down again.Which is exactly why I should. But dont worry. Im essentially a selfish creature. I beseech your alliance too much to do what I should.Im glad.Dont be He withdrew his hand, more gently this time his voice was harsher than usual. Harsh for him, still more beautiful than any human voice. It was hard to keep up his sudden wittiness changes left me always a step behind, dazed.Its not only your company I crave Never forget that. Never forget I am more dangerous to you than I am to anyone else. He stopped, and I looked to see him gazing unseeingly into the wood.I thought for a moment.I dont think I escort exactly what you mean by that last part anyway, I said.He looked back at me and smiled, his mood shifting yet again.How do I explain? he mused. And without frightening you again hmmmm. Without seeming to think about it, he situated his hand back in mine I held it tightly in both of mine. He looked at our hands.Thats amazingly pleasant, the warmth. He sighed.A moment passed as he assembled his thoughts.You know how everyone enjoys different flavors? he began. Some people love chocolate ice cream, others prefer strawberry?I nodded.Sorry about the food analogy I couldnt think of another way to explain.I smiled. He smiled ruefully back.You see, every person smells different, h as a different essence. If you locked an alcoholic in a dwell full of stale beer, hed gladly drink it. But he could resist, if he wished to, if he were a recovering alcoholic. Now lets say you placed in that room a glass of hundred-year-old brandy, the rarest, finest cognac and filled the room with its warm flavor how do you think he would fare then?We sat motionlessly, spirit into each others eyes trying to read each others thoughts.He broke the silence setoff.Maybe thats not the right comparison. Maybe it would be too easy to turn down the brandy. Perhaps I should have made our alcoholic a heroin addict instead.So what youre saying is, Im your brand of heroin? I teased, trying to lighten the mood.He smiled swiftly, seeming to appreciate my effort. Yes, you are exactly my brand of heroin.Does that happen often? I asked.He looked crosswise the treetops, thinking through his response.I spoke to my brothers about it. He still stared into the distance. To Jasper, every one of y ou is much the same. Hes the most recent to join our family. Its a struggle for him to abstain at all. He hasnt had time to gravel sensitive to the differences in smell, in flavor. He glanced swiftly at me, his expression apologetic.Sorry, he said.I dont mind. Please dont worry about offending me, or frightening me, or whichever. Thats the way you think. I can netherstand, or I can try to at least. Just explain however you can.He took a deep breath and gazed at the sky again.So Jasper wasnt accepted if hed ever come across someone who was as he hesitated, looking for the right word appealing as you are to me. Which makes me think not. Emmett has been on the wagon longer, so to speak, and he understood what I meant. He says twice, for him, once loyaler than the other.And for you?Never.The word hung there for a moment in the warm breeze.What did Emmett do? I asked to break the silence.It was the wrong question to ask. His face grew dark, his hand clutch into a fist inside mine. He looked away. I waited, but he wasnt going to answer.I scene I know, I ultimately said.He lifted his eyes his expression was wistful, pleading.Even the strongest of us lessen off the wagon, dont we?What are you asking? My permission? My voice was sharper than Id intended. I attempt to make my tone kinder I could guess what his honesty must cost him. I mean, is there no hope, then? How sedately I could discuss my own deathNo, no He was instantly contrite. Of course theres hope I mean, of course I wont He left the sentence hanging. His eyes burned into mine. Its different for us. Emmett these were strangers he happened across. It was a long time ago, and he wasnt as practiced, as careful, as he is now.He dismiss silent and watched me intently as I thought it through.So if wed met oh, in a dark alley or something I trailed off.It took everything I had not to jump up in the middle of that class full of children and - He stopped abruptly, looking away. When you walked past me, I could have ruined everything Carlisle has built for us, right then and there. If I hadnt been denying my thirst for the last, well, too many years, I wouldnt have been able to stop myself. He paused, scowling at the trees.He glanced at me grimly, both of us remembering. You must have thought I was possessed.I couldnt understand why. How you could hate me so quicklyTo me, it was like you were some kind of demon, summoned heterosexual person from my own personal stone pit to ruin me. The fragrance coming off your skin I thought it would make me deranged that scratch line day. In that one hour, I thought of a hundred different ways to lure you from the room with me, to get you alone. And I fought them each back, thinking of my family, what I could do to them. I had to run out, to get away before I could speak the words that would make you followHe looked up then at my staggered expression as I tried to absorb his bitter memories. His golden eyes scorched from under his lashes, hypn otic and deadly.You would have come, he promised.I tried to speak calmly. Without a doubt.He frowned down at my hands, releasing me from the force of his stare. And then, as I tried to rearrange my schedule in a bony attempt to avoid you, you were there in that close, warm fiddling room, the scent was maddening. I so very nearly took you then. There was only one other frail human there so easily dealt with.I shivered in the warm sun, seeing my memories anew through his eyes, only now grasping the danger. pitiful Ms. Cope I shivered again at how close Id come to being inadvertently responsible for her death.But I resisted. I dont know how. I forced myself not to wait for you, not to follow you from the school. It was easier outside, when I couldnt smell you anymore, to think clearly, to make the right decision. I left the others near home I was too ashamed to tell them how weak I was, they only knew something was very wrong and then I went straight to Carlisle, at the hospital , to tell him I was leaving.I stared in surprise.I traded cars with him he had a full cooler of gas and I didnt want to stop. I didnt dare to go home, to face Esme. She wouldnt have let me go without a scene. She would have tried to convince me that it wasnt necessaryBy the next morning I was in Alaska. He sounded ashamed, as if admitting a great cowardice. I spent two days there, with some old acquaintances but I was homesick. I hated knowing Id upset Esme, andthe rest of them, my adopted family. In the light air of the mountains it was hard to believe you were so irresistible. I convinced myself it was weak to run away. Id dealt with temptation before, not of this magnitude, not even close, but I was strong. Who were you, an insignificant little girl he grinned suddenly to heed me from the place I valued to be? So I came back He stared off into space.I couldnt speak.I took precautions, hunting, feeding more than usual before seeing you again. I was sure that I was strong eno ugh to treat you like any other human. I was arrogant about it.It was unquestionably a complication that I couldnt barely read your thoughts to know what your reaction was to me. I wasnt used to having to go to such circuitous measures, listening to your words in Jessicas mind her mind isnt very original, and it was annoying to have to bow down to that. And then I couldnt know if you really meant what you said. It was all extremely irritating. He frowned at the memory.I wanted you to forget my behavior that first day, if possible, so I tried to talk with you like I would with any person. I was eager actually, hoping to decipher some of your thoughts. But you were too interesting, I found myself caught up in your expressions and every now and then you would stir the air with your hand or your hair, and the scent would stun me againOf course, then you were nearly crushed to death in front of my eyes. Later I thought of a perfectly good excuse for why I acted at that moment because if I hadnt saved you, if your production line had been spilled there in front of me, I dont think I could have stopped myself from exposing us for what we are. But I only thought of that excuse later. At the time, all I could think was, Not her.He closed his eyes, lost in his agonized confession. I listened, more eager than rational. Common sense told me I should be terrified. Instead, I was relieved to finally understand. And I was filled with compassion for his suffering, even now, as he confessed his craving to take my life.I finally was able to speak, though my voice was faint. In the hospital?His eyes flashed up to mine. I was appalled. I couldnt believe I had put us in danger after all, put myself in your power you of all people. As if I needed another motive to eat up you. We both flinched as that word slipped out. But it had the opposite effect, he continued quickly. I fought with Rosalie, Emmett, and Jasper when they suggested that now was the time the worst fight weve ever had. Carlisle sided with me, and Alice. He grimaced when he said her name. I couldnt imagine why. Esme told me to do any(prenominal) I had to in order to stay. He shook his head indulgently.All that next day I eavesdropped on the minds of everyone you spoke to, shocked that you kept your word. I didnt understand you at all. But I knew that I couldnt become more involved with you. I did my very best to stay as far from you as possible. And every day the perfume of your skin, your breath, your hair it hit me as hard as the very first day.He met my eyes again, and they were surprisingly tender.And for all that, he continued, Id have fared better if I had exposed us all at that first moment, than if now, here with no witnesses and nothing to stop me I were to hurt you.I was human enough to have to ask. Why?Isabella. He pronounced my full name carefully, then playfully ruffled my hair with his free hand. A shock ran through my body at his casual touch. Bella, I couldnt live with m yself if I ever hurt you. You dont know how its tortured me. He looked down, ashamed again. The thought of you, still, white, cold to never see you blush scarlet again, to never see that flash of intuition in your eyes when you see through my pretenses it would be unendurable. He lifted his glorious, agonizedeyes to mine. You are the most serious thing to me now. The most important thing to me ever.My head was spinning at the rapid change in direction our conversation had taken. From the cheerful topic of my impending demise, we were suddenly declaring ourselves. He waited, and even though I looked down to study our hands between us, I knew his golden eyes were on me. You already know how I feel, of course, I finally said. Im here which, roughly translated, means I would rather die than stay away from you. I frowned. Im an idiot.You are an idiot, he agreed with a laugh. Our eyes met, and I laughed, too. We laughed together at the idiocy and sheer impossibility of such a moment.And so the lion fell in love with the lamb he murmured. I looked away, hiding my eyes as I thrilled to the word.What a doltish lamb, I sighed.What a sick, masochistic lion. He stared into the shadowy timbre for a long moment, and I wondered where his thoughts had taken him.Why ? I began, and then paused, not sure how to continue.He looked at me and smiled sunlight glinted off his face, his teeth.Yes?Tell me why you ran from me before.His smile thinned. You know why.No, I mean, exactly what did I do wrong? Ill have to be on my guard, you see, so I better start learning what I shouldnt do. This, for example I stroked the back of his hand seems to be all right.He smiled again. You didnt do anything wrong, Bella. It was my fault.But I want to help, if I can, to not make this harder for you.Well He contemplated for a moment. It was just how close you were. Most humans instinctively jump away from us, are repelled by our alienness I wasnt expecting you to come so close. And the smell o f your throat. He stopped short, looking to see if hed upset me.Okay, then, I said flippantly, trying to alleviate the suddenly tense atmosphere. I tuck my chin. No throat exposure.It worked he laughed. No, really, it was more the surprise than anything else.He raised his free hand and placed it gently on the side of my neck. I sat very still, the chill of his touch a inhering warning a warning telling me to be terrified. But there was no feeling of fear in me. There were, however, other feelingsYou see, he said. Perfectly fine.My blood was racing, and I wished I could slow it, sense that this must make everything so much more difficult the thudding of my pulse in my veins. sure as shooting he could hear it.The blush on your cheeks is lovely, he murmured. He gently freed his other hand. My hands fell limply into my lap. Softly he brushed my cheek, then held my face between his marble hands.Be very still, he whispered, as if I wasnt already frozen.Slowly, never moving his eyes f rom mine, he leaned toward me. Then abruptly, but very gently, he rested his cold cheek against the hollow at the base of my throat. I was quite unable to move, even if Id wanted to.I listened to the sound of his even external respiration, watching the sun and wind play in his bronze hair, more human than any other part of him.With deliberate slowness, his hands slid down the sides of my neck. I shivered, and I heard him catch his breath. But his hands didnt pause as they softly go to my shoulders, and then stopped.His face drifted to the side, his nose skimming across my collarbone. He came to rest with the side of his face press tenderly against my chest.Listening to my heart.Ah, he sighed.I dont know how long we sat without moving. It could have been hours. Eventually the hurt of my pulse quieted, but he didnt move or speak again as he held me. I knew at any moment it could be too much, and my life could end so quickly that I might not even notice. And I couldnt make myself b e afraid. I couldnt think of anything, except that he was touching me.And then, too soon, he released me.His eyes were peaceful.It wont be so hard again, he said with satisfaction.Was that very hard for you?Not nearly as bad as I imagined it would be. And you?No, it wasnt bad for me.He smiled at my inflection. You know what I mean.I smiled.Here. He took my hand and placed it against his cheek. Do you feel how warm it is?And it was around warm, his usually icy skin. But I barely noticed, for I was touching his face, something Id dreamed of constantly since the first day Id seen him.Dont move, I whispered.No one could be still like Edward. He closed his eyes and became as immobile as stone, a carving under my hand.I moved even more slowly than he had, careful not to make one unexpected move. I caressed his cheek, delicately stroked his eyelid, the empurpled shadow in the hollow under his eye. I traced the shape of his perfect nose, and then, so carefully, his flawless lips. His lips split under my hand, and I could feel his cool breath on my fingertips. I wanted to lean in, to breathe in the scent of him. So I dropped my hand and leaned away, not wanting to push him too far.He assailable his eyes, and they were hungry. Not in a way to make me fear, but rather to tighten the muscles in the pit of my stomach and send my pulse hammering through my veins again.I wish, he whispered, I wish you could feel the complexity the confusion I feel. That you could understand.He raised his hand to my hair, then carefully brushed it across my face.Tell me, I breathed.I dont think I can. Ive told you, on the one hand, the hunger the thirst that, pitiable creature that I am, I feel for you. And I think you can understand that, to an extent. Though he half-smiled as you are not addicted to any illegal substances, you probably cant empathizecompletely.But His fingers fey my lips lightly, making me shiver again. There are other hungers. Hungers I dont even understand, that are foreign to me.I may understand that better than you think.Im not used to feeling so human. Is it always like this?For me? I paused. No, never. Never before this.He held my hands between his. They felt so feeble in his urge strength.I dont know how to be close to you, he admitted. I dont know if I can.I leaned beforehand very slowly, cautioning him with my eyes. I placed my cheek against his stone chest. I could hear his breath, and nothing else.This is enough, I sighed, destruction my eyes.In a very human gesture, he put his arms around me and pressed his face against my hair.Youre better at this than you give yourself credit for, I noted.I have human instincts they may be buried deep, but theyre there.We sat like that for another immeasurable moment I wondered if he could be as unwilling to move as I was. But I could see the light was fading, the shadows of the forest beginning to touch us, and I sighed.You have to go.I thought you couldnt read my mind.Its getting clearer. I could hear a smile in his voice.He took my shoulders and I looked into his face.Can I show you something? he asked, sudden excitement flaring in his eyes.Show me what?Ill show you how I travel in the forest. He saw my expression. Dont worry, youll be very safe, and well get to your truck much faster. His mouth twitched up into that crooked smile so beautiful my heart nearly stopped.Will you turn into a bat? I asked warily.He laughed, louder than Id ever heard. Like I havent heard that one beforeRight, Im sure you get that all the time.Come on, little coward, climb on my back.I waited to see if he was kidding, but, apparently, he meant it. He smiled as he read my hesitation, and reached for me. My heart reacted even though he couldnt hear my thoughts, my pulse always gave me away. He then proceeded to fling me onto his back, with very little effort on my part, besides, when in place, clamping my legs and arms so tightly around him that it would murmur a linguistic rule person. It was like clinging to a stone.Im a bit heavier than your average backpack, I warned.Hah he snorted. I could almost hear his eyes rolling. Id never seen him in such high spirits before.He startled me, suddenly grabbing my hand, pressing my palm to his face, and inhaling deeply.Easier all the time, he muttered.And then he was running.If Id ever feared death before in his presence, it was nothing compared to how I felt now.He streaked through the dark, thick underbrush of the forest like a bullet, like a ghost. There was no sound, no evidence that his feet touched the earth. His breathing never changed, never indicated any effort. But the trees flew by at deadly speeds, always missing us by inches.I was too terrified to close my eyes, though the cool forest air whipped against my face and burned them. I felt as if I were stupidly sticking my head out the window of an airplane in flight. And, for the first time in my life, I felt the dizzy faintness of motion sickness.Then it was ove r. Wed hiked hours this morning to reach Edwards meadow, and now, in a matter of minutes, we were back to the truck.Exhilarating, isnt it? His voice was high, excited.He stood motionless, hold for me to climb down. I tried, but my muscles wouldnt respond. My arms and legs stayed locked around him while my head spun uncomfortably.Bella? he asked, anxious now.I think I need to lie down, I gasped.Oh, sorry. He waited for me, but I still couldnt move.I think I need help, I admitted.He laughed quietly, and gently unloosened my stranglehold on his neck. There was no resisting the iron strength of his hands. Then he pulled me around to face him, cradling me in his arms like a small child. He held me for a moment, then carefully placed me on the springy ferns.How do you feel? he asked.I couldnt be sure how I felt when my head was spinning so crazily. Dizzy, I think.Put your head between your knees.I tried that, and it helped a little. I breathed in and out slowly, keeping my head very stil l. I felt him sitting beside me. The moments passed, and eventually I found that I could raise my head. There was a hollow ringing sound in my ears.I guess that wasnt the best idea, he mused.I tried to be positive, but my voice was weak. No, it was very interesting.Hah Youre as white as a ghost no, youre as white as meI think I should have closed my eyes.Remember that next time.Next time I groaned.He laughed, his mood still radiant.Show-off, I muttered. spread your eyes, Bella, he said quietly.And he was right there, his face so close to mine. His beauty stunned my mind it was too much, an excess I couldnt grow accustomed to.I was thinking, while I was running He paused.About not hitting the trees, I hope.Silly Bella, he chuckled. Running is second nature to me, its not something I have to think about.Show-off, I muttered again.He smiled.No, he continued, I was thinking there was something I wanted to try. And he took my face in his hands again.I couldnt breathe.He hesitated not in the normal way, the human way.Not the way a man might hesitate before he kissed a woman, to gauge her reaction, to see how he would be received. Perhaps he would hesitate to prolong the moment, that ideal moment of anticipation, sometimes better than the kiss itself.Edward hesitated to test himself, to see if this was safe, to make sure he was still in control of his need.And then his cold, marble lips pressed very softly against mine.What neither of us was prepared for was my response. rip boiled under my skin, burned in my lips. My breath came in a wild gasp. My fingers knotted in his hair, clutching him to me. My lips parted as I breathed in his heady scent.Immediately I felt him turn to unresponsive stone beneath my lips. His hands gently, but with irresistible force, pushed my face back. I opened my eyes and saw his guarded expression.Oops, I breathed.Thats an understatement.His eyes were wild, his jaw clenched in acute restraint, yet he didnt lapse from his perfect articula tion. He held my face just inches from his. He dazzled my eyes.Should I ? I tried to disengage myself, to give him some room.His hands refused to let me move so much as an inch.No, its tolerable. deferment for a moment, please. His voice was polite, controlled.I kept my eyes on his, watched as the excitement in them faded and gentled.Then he smiled a surprisingly impish grin.There, he said, obviously pleased with himself.Tolerable? I asked.He laughed aloud. Im stronger than I thought. Its nice to know.I wish I could say the same. Im sorry.You are only human, after all.Thanks so much, I said, my voice acerbic.He was on his feet in one of his lithe, almost invisibly quick movements. He held out his hand to me, an unexpected gesture. I was so used to our standard of careful non-contact. I took his icy hand, needing the support more than I thought. My balance had not yet returned.Are you still faint from the run? Or was it my kissing expertise? How lighthearted, how human he seemed as he laughed now, his dulcet face untroubled. He was a different Edward than the one I had known. And I felt all the more besotted by him. It would cause me physical pain to be separated from him now.I cant be sure, Im still woozy, I managed to respond. I think its some of both, though.Maybe you should let me admit.Are you insane? I protested.I can drive better than you on your best day, he teased. You have much slower reflexes.Im sure thats true, but I dont think my nerves, or my truck, could take it.Some trust, please, Bella.My hand was in my pocket, curled tightly around the delineate. I pursed my lips, deliberated, then shook my head with a tight grin.Nope. Not a chance.He raised his eyebrows in disbelief.I started to step around him, heading for the drivers side. He might have let me pass if I hadnt wobbled slightly. Then again, he might not have. His arm created an inescapable snare around my waist.Bella, Ive already expended a great deal of personal effort at this point to k eep you alive. Im not about to let you behind the wheel of a vehicle when you cant even walk straight. Besides, friends dont let friends drive drunk, he quoted with a chuckle. I could smell the unbearably sweet fragrance coming off his chest.inebriate? I objected.Youre intoxicated by my very presence. He was grinning that playful smirk again.I cant repugn with that, I sighed. There was no way around it I couldnt resist him in anything. I held the key high and dropped it, watching his hand flash like lightning to catch it soundlessly. Take it easy my truck is a senior citizen.Very sensible, he approved.And are you not affected at all? I asked, irked. By my presence?Again his mobile features transformed, his expression became soft, warm. He didnt answer at first he simply bent his face to mine, and brushed his lips slowly along my jaw, from my ear to my chin, back and forth. I trembled.Regardless, he finally murmured, I have better reflexes.

Types of Aphasia

Aphasia is a communication disorder. Its a result of damage or injury to language parts of the brain. And its more crude in older adults, particularly those who have had a stroke. Aphasia gets in the way of a persons ability to employment or understand words. Aphasia does not impair the persons intelligence. People who have aphasia whitethorn have difficulty oral presentation and finding the right field words to complete their thoughts. They may also have problems understanding conversation, reading and comprehending create verbally words, writing words, and using numbers.What Causes Aphasia? Aphasia may also be caused by a brain tumor, brain infection, or dementia such as Alzheimers disease. In some cases, aphasia is a symptom of epilepsy or other neurologic disorder. What Are the Types of Aphasia? Expressive aphasia (non-fluent) With expressive aphasia, the person knows what he or she wants to say yet has difficulty communication it to others. It doesnt matter whether the pe rson is trying to say or write what he or she is trying to communicate.Receptive aphasia (fluent) With undefended aphasia, the person can hear a voice or read the print, but may not understand the meaning of the message. Oftentimes, someone with receptive aphasia takes language literally. Their own speech may be excited because they do not understand their own language. Anomic aphasia. With anomic aphasia, the person has word-finding difficulties. This is called anomia. Because of the difficulties, the person struggles to find the right words for speaking and writing.Global aphasia. This is the most severe type of aphasia. It is often seen right after someone has a stroke. With global aphasia, the person has difficulty speaking and understanding words. In addition, the person is unable to read or write. Primary advancing aphasia. Primary progressive aphasia is a rare disorder where people slowly retire their ability to talk, read, write, and comprehend what they hear in conversa tion over a period of time. With a stroke, aphasia may improve with proper therapy.There is no treatment to reverse primary progressive aphasia. People with primary progressive aphasia are able to communicate in ways other than speech. For instance, they might use gestures. And many take in from a combination of speech therapy and medications. What Are the Symptoms of Aphasia? The main symptoms of aphasia include Trouble speaking Struggling with finding the appropriate term or word Using strange or inappropriate words in conversation

Position Paper

surety Council tike Soldiers united States King High School land Thousands of shaverren argon serving as spends in fortify conflicts around the world. Boys and girls serve in giving medication forces and armed opposition groups. They may fight as front-line combatants, suicide bombers, mine sweepers, sex slaves, and spies. Many are abducted or recruited by force, while opposites join voluntarily, believe that armed groups offer their best chance for survival.We are workings to embarrass the single-valued function of nestling soldiers and to checker accountable the people who send children to fight. It threatens the core of the fall in Nations, and the pith of our worlds future nestlingren. The US boor Soldiers saloon puzzle out prohibits the US government from providing US foreign array financing, host training, and several other categories of US military assistance to governments using child soldiers. make a motionions National Actions squirt soldiers are not an issue in the United States. The U. S. overnment currently runs military assistance to five of the six-spot governments implicated in child soldier us eld. From 2001 the USA contributed $34 jillion to support programs to prevent the enlisting and consumption of child soldiers and to deactivate and reintegrate child combatants, including $10 million through the US manner for International Development and $24 million through the US Department of Labor. In 2008, Senators Richard Durbin and Sam Brownback introduced the Child Soldier Prevention Act, which is a flush to curtail U. S. ilitary assistance to governments that fail to take steps to demobilize and stop recruiting children into the armed forces or government-supported militias. below this bill, countries that take steps to demobilize child soldiers are entitled for certain forms of assistance to help professionalise their forces and ensure that U. S. taxpayer dollars are not delectationd to finance the using of chi ldren in armed conflict. International Actions The United States has through with(p) many multinational actions to prevent encouraging the use of children being used as soldiers.In April 2007 the Child Soldier Prevention Act of 2007 was introduced into Congress. It would restrict US military assistance to governments involved in the enlisting or use of child soldiers. In April 2007 the Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Human Rights and the Law held a auditory sense to consider the Child Soldier Prevention Act, obstacles facing motive child soldiers seeking asylum in the USA, and ways for the USA to address child recruiters from other countries who came to the USA. In October 2007 the Child Soldier Accountability Act was introduced into Congress.It would amend the US criminal code to allow the prosecution of individuals who have recruited or used child soldiers, whether in the United States or elsewhere. The Child Soldiers Prevention Act can put real pressing on governments to s top using child soldiers, Joe Becker said. Obama needs to wear fewer waivers to countries abusing their children this way. On October 4, 2011, the Obama governing announce waivers to the Child Soldiers Prevention Act, allowing military assistance to Chad, the Democratic republic of Congo, and Yemen despite the continued use of children in their armed forces.The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child is a pitying rights treaty that establishes the civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights of children. It in addition defines children as being under the age of 18. The United States is the only artless in the world, with the exception of Somalia, that has not canonical it. In 2002, however, the U. S. ratified the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the involvement of children in armed conflict, which prevents the recruitment of military personnel under the age of 18.Much work rebrinys to be done by the U. S. government on the right s of the child, particularly on the tax shelter of children in armed conflicts. at that place was a resolution adopted by the General Assembly in 1999 on November 11 titled firmness of purpose on the Use of Children as Soldiers. Recommendation for Action Citizens for orbiculate Solutions are committed to achieving greater competitiveness by the U. S. government to take the lead of world(prenominal) endeavors to harbor future generations.Also, Child Soldiers Internationals website has a place for donation to end the recruitment of children as child soldiers. There is background culture and everything about the issue to educate the donators and viewers viewing the website. The Obama administration opinionated to exempt Yemen and three other countries that use child soldiers from U. S. penalties under the 2008 Child Soldiers Prevention Act. The lightless Children was founded to stop Joseph Kony called Kony 2012 and the United States was involved in it too. President Obama iss ued a bill to help stop Joseph Kony for justice. touch paperThe government of Nigeria believes in the encourageion of the interest of the children. Unfortunately, one can notice the use of child soldiers in Nigeria. Why there is the occupation of child soldiers in Nigeria? During the 19th hundred and 20th century there have been interstate conflicts in the African genuine. This led to the use of children as the soldiers in the warfare. There are many reasons for the wars fought between different states of Africa. Two important causes of the wars are poverty and orphan rates. (Reich and Acharina, 2005) In fact, the study of UNICEF data reveals that in Africa there is the maximum use of child soldiers in the wars.It is known that 40 percent of the world child soldiers are found in the African continent. All the countries of the African continent particularly the third world countries are severely affected by the child soldier problem which is found in a poor country like Nigeria. R ecently, international community has responded to this emerging problem. long powers such(prenominal) as USA and UK have opposed the use of child soldiers in wars. In fact, international community has been shocked by the extent of the use of children as soldiers which has affected the future of the children of Nigeria.UNO has taken this problem seriously which is proved by the fact that UNO has constituted committees to monitor the extent of the use of the child soldiers in the wars particularly in the African continent. The use of child soldiers can be seen in the African countries such as Nigeria, Algeria, Angola, Burundi, Liberia, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Sudan, and Uganda. The Nigerian government is excessively aware of the fact that there is need to take on the rights of the children. However due to economic backwardness, there has been growth in the use of the children as soldiers. Obviously, this led to mischief of life of many children. However, it is found that due to food shortage and lack of full-bodied resources, the parents are squeeze to send their children to help the military of their nation. Hence, poverty of the third world nations is the main cause of the participation of children in wars.(Reich and Acharina, 2005)UNO and the various agencies of UNO such as UNICEF have taken this problem of child soldiers seriously. UNO was initially involved in this problem in an attempt to resolve the interstate conflicts in Africa. However, later it was known to the UNO members regarding the impact of the use of children on the children of Africa and the international community. In order to counter this problem, UNO has expressed its displeasure through the various conferences and by publishing reports concerning the efforts of the individual nations to get over the root cause of the childrens participation in the wars.In 1999, the coalition forces decided to publish a worldwide report regarding the plight of the children as soldiers. In fact, UNO has urged all the member nations to protect the rights of the children. Recently, Kofi Annan, the UN Secretary-General has urged the Security Council to impose sanctions on the nations indulging in the use of child soldiers in the wars leading to the impact of the international law. The coalition forces have decided to prohibit the use of children as soldiers. The UNO noted that more than 250000 children are used as soldiers. The suggested sanctions include ban on the sale of armaments, sanctions on financial assistance, and so on.The UNO has also urged the NGOs participating in this anti-child soldier policy to implement the policy decisions on the UNO which has been discussed in the various conferences and UNO publications. The UNO committees on the children issues have submitted their reports regarding the position of the children in the underdeveloped countries. The imposition of sanctions is expected to curb the number of the child soldiers in the countries such as Nigeria. Howev er, the UN report noted that there has been decline in the number of child soldiers worldwide. The UNO also decided to give financial and other kinds of support to the poor countries to help curb poverty so that there would be decrease in the number of children used in the warfare. The UN Under-Secretary Olara Otunnu also believed that children should be saved from military potation. (Africa Renewal, 2005) In fact, the UNO members have urged the different nations to increase the minimum recruitment age to 18 years. (Maslen, 2002)The UNO suggestions regarding the shield of the childrens rights have been implemented by most of the African countries including Nigeria. In fact, legislations have been passed by Nigeria to curb the incidence of the use of the child soldiers in the wars. Although, till 2002 Nigeria did not sign the African charter on the rights and welfare of child, the government has supported the voluntary recruitment of the soldiers as there is no conscription in Nige ria. Minimum age for the recruitment of the voluntary soldiers is 18 years. The Nigerian youth have participated in the ethnic conflict in the region. This conflict involves the various political and economic issues. However, Nigeria has participated in the several conferences make by the UNO to oppose the violation of the childrens rights.For instance, in the year 1999, the African countries including Nigeria attended the African congregation on the Use of Children as Soldiers. In the conference the various facts concerning the child soldiers was discussed. In 2001 Nigeria attended the United Nations conference on the illicit trade which also discussed the issue of the child soldiers. Nigeria became the party to the resolution of this conference. The members dumb the impact of the use of arms on the children and it was resolved to protect the rights of the children. The Nigerian government has realized that the main reason for the use of the child soldiers is the existence of po verty in Nigeria. Due to food shortage and productive resources, children have been sent to the battle field.In order to curb the incidence of the use of children as soldiers, the Nigerian government has devised plans to improve the economic conditions of the families. The Nigerian government urges the international communities including UNO to understand the causes of the phenomenon of the child soldiers in Nigeria. Hence, international organizations should provide more economic support to bring the economic advancement of the region which will reduce the incidence of the use of children as soldiers. The government of Nigeria believes that necessary actions should be taken to ensure the protection of the childrens rights.It is tacit that involvement of children in wars negatively affects the relation between Nigeria and international community. However, in order to introduce these measures, the international community, through the organizations such as UNICEF, should strengthen the polity and economy of Nigeria. Nevertheless, in the name of the protection of the childrens rights the integrity of the nations should not be threatened. Therefore, this is to request the organizations such as UNO to provide the positive support to Nigeria to prevent the incidence of the use of the child soldiers in the wars. The Nigerian government plans to introduce and implement legislations and programs to reduce the use of children as soldiers in the wars. (Maslen, 2002)BibliographyMaslen, Stuart (2002). The Use of Children as Soldiers in Africa A country analysis of child recruitment and participation in armed conflict, retrieved online on 30-10-2005 from Reich, Simon F (2005). Why do Children Fight? Explaining Child Soldier Ratios in African Intra-State Conflicts, retrieved online on 30-10-2005 from (2005). Africa Briefs, Africa Renewal, 191, April, retrieved online on 30-10-2005 from Position PaperSecurity Council Child Soldiers United States King High School Background Tho usands of children are serving as soldiers in armed conflicts around the world. Boys and girls serve in government forces and armed opposition groups. They may fight as front-line combatants, suicide bombers, mine sweepers, sex slaves, and spies. Many are abducted or recruited by force, while others join voluntarily, believing that armed groups offer their best chance for survival.We are working to prevent the use of child soldiers and to hold accountable the people who send children to fight. It threatens the core of the United Nations, and the heart of our worlds future Children. The US Child Soldiers Prevention Act prohibits the US government from providing US foreign military financing, military training, and several other categories of US military assistance to governments using child soldiers. Actions National Actions Child soldiers are not an issue in the United States. The U. S. overnment currently provides military assistance to five of the six governments implicated in chi ld soldier usage. From 2001 the USA contributed $34 million to support programs to prevent the recruitment and use of child soldiers and to demobilize and reintegrate child combatants, including $10 million through the US Agency for International Development and $24 million through the US Department of Labor. In 2008, Senators Richard Durbin and Sam Brownback introduced the Child Soldier Prevention Act, which is a bill to curtail U. S. ilitary assistance to governments that fail to take steps to demobilize and stop recruiting children into the armed forces or government-supported militias. Under this bill, countries that take steps to demobilize child soldiers are eligible for certain forms of assistance to help professionalize their forces and ensure that U. S. taxpayer dollars are not used to finance the exploitation of children in armed conflict. International Actions The United States has done many international actions to prevent encouraging the use of children being used as so ldiers.In April 2007 the Child Soldier Prevention Act of 2007 was introduced into Congress. It would restrict US military assistance to governments involved in the recruitment or use of child soldiers. In April 2007 the Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Human Rights and the Law held a hearing to consider the Child Soldier Prevention Act, obstacles facing former child soldiers seeking asylum in the USA, and ways for the USA to address child recruiters from other countries who came to the USA. In October 2007 the Child Soldier Accountability Act was introduced into Congress.It would amend the US criminal code to allow the prosecution of individuals who have recruited or used child soldiers, whether in the United States or elsewhere. The Child Soldiers Prevention Act can put real pressure on governments to stop using child soldiers, Joe Becker said. Obama needs to give fewer waivers to countries abusing their children this way. On October 4, 2011, the Obama administration announced wai vers to the Child Soldiers Prevention Act, allowing military assistance to Chad, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Yemen despite the continued use of children in their armed forces.The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child is a human rights treaty that establishes the civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights of children. It also defines children as being under the age of 18. The United States is the only country in the world, with the exception of Somalia, that has not ratified it. In 2002, however, the U. S. ratified the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the involvement of children in armed conflict, which prevents the recruitment of military personnel under the age of 18.Much work remains to be done by the U. S. government on the rights of the child, particularly on the protection of children in armed conflicts. There was a resolution adopted by the General Assembly in 1999 on November 11 titled Resolution on the Use of Childre n as Soldiers. Recommendation for Action Citizens for Global Solutions are committed to achieving greater engagement by the U. S. government to take the lead of international endeavors to protect future generations.Also, Child Soldiers Internationals website has a place for donation to end the recruitment of children as child soldiers. There is background information and everything about the issue to educate the donators and viewers viewing the website. The Obama administration decided to exempt Yemen and three other countries that use child soldiers from U. S. penalties under the 2008 Child Soldiers Prevention Act. The Invisible Children was founded to stop Joseph Kony called Kony 2012 and the United States was involved in it too. President Obama issued a bill to help stop Joseph Kony for justice.